Essay on W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington - 1240 Words

W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington were two very influential leaders in the black community during the late 19th century, early 20th century. However, they both had different views on improvement of social and economic standing for blacks. Booker T. Washington, an ex-slave, put into practice his educational ideas at Tuskegee, which opened in 1881. Washington stressed patience, manual training, and hard work. He believed that blacks should go to school, learn skills, and work their way up the ladder. Washington also urged blacks to accept racial discrimination for the time being, and once they worked their way up, they would gain the respect of whites and be fully accepted as citizens. W.E.B. Du Bois on the other hand, wanted a more†¦show more content†¦That is obviously a significant increase in just 60 years. This shows that leaders such as W.E.B. Du Bois, advocates for the education of Blacks, worked hard to get African-Americans an education in order to get the respe ct of whites (Doc. A). In The Souls of Black Folk (1903), Du Bois openly attacked Booker T. Washington and the philosophy of the Atlanta Compromise. He urged African Americans to aspire to professional careers, to fight for the restoration of their civil rights, and wherever possible, to get a college education. Calling for integrated schools with equal opportunity for all, Du Bois urged blacks to educate their â€Å"talented tenth†, a highly trained intellectual elite, to lead them. Between the years or 1890 and 1910, the percentage of African Americans over the age of 9 unable to read went down by 35 percent. This also shows a successful attempt at educating blacks during this time in order to perpetuate white oppression (Doc. B). Du Bois was not alone in promoting careers in the professions. Throughout higher education there was increased emphasis on professional training, particularly in medicine, dentistry, and law. Enrollments swelled, even as standards of admission tig htened. The number of medical schools in the country rose from 75 in 1870 to 160 in 1900, and the number of medical students- including more and more women, almostShow MoreRelatedW.E.B. Du Bois vs. Booker T. Washington1344 Words   |  6 PagesA Clash of Ideologies: W.E.B. Du Bois vs. Booker T. Washington During the turn of the century, between the years 1895 and 1915 there were many theories of how African Americans were going to achieve first-class citizenship. At this time first-class citizenship was determined by at least three aspects: political power, civil rights, and the higher education of Negro youth. Two prominent black leaders arose in order to accomplish this feat. They had two different ideas for one goal. These two blackRead MoreEssay on W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington864 Words   |  4 PagesW.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington Two great leaders of the African American community in the late 19th and early 20th century were W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington. They disagreed on strategies for African American social and economic progress in the face of prejudice, poverty, and segregation: Booker T. Washington, a former slave and the founder of the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama, believed that African Americans needed to accept segregation and discrimination for theRead More Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois Influences on Equality594 Words   |  3 PagesBooker T. Washington once said, â€Å"Nothing ever comes to one, that is worth having, except as a result of hard work.† In the age of reconstruction and western expansion, civil rights bursted out like a bullet from a gun. Two men led the way into the civil rights movement, but in very different customs. Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois both were huge influences to civil rights, one founding what we know today as the NAACP and the other spoke of a philosophy known as the Atlanta CompromiseRead MoreThe Strategies of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois: Uncovered1925 Words   |  8 PagesMikayla Ferchaw Pd. 4/5 DBQ for Booker T. Washington vs. W.E.B. Du Bois The Strategies of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois: Uncovered The time period of 1877 to 1915 was a period in history when the people of the Black race were being granted a free status, but equality, on the other hand, was not an option to some higher white officials. During this time period, many leaders started to fight for what they believed in by appealing to the white governing body for social equality. TwoRead More W.E.B Du Bois vs. Booker T Washington Essay2087 Words   |  9 Pagesbe left out; Booker T. Washington and W.E.B Du Bois. They were both African-American leaders in the late 1800’s to early 1900’s, fighting for social justice, education and civil rights for slaves, and both stressed education. This was a time when blacks were segregated and discriminated against. Both these men had a vision to free blacks from this oppression. While they came from different backgrounds, Washington coming from a plantation in Virginia where he was a slave, and Du Bois coming from aRead MoreW.E.B. Du Bois vs. Booker T. Washing ton2991 Words   |  12 Pagesthe undisputed intellectual leader of a new generation of African- American, and the central authorizing figure for twentieth-century African-American thought, Du Bois was the inspiration for the literary movement known as the Harlem Renaissance. As a co-founder of the NAACP and the long-time editor of its magazine The Crisis, Du Bois nurtured and promoted many young and talented African-Americans. Underlying his controversial notion of the talented tenth, was his belief that true integrationRead MoreBooker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois and John Hope Essay1286 Words   |  6 Pageswhite and black populations. Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois and John Hope all attempted to conquer these tough issues based on their own experience and cultural influences by sharing their opinions. A well-respected African American leader named Booker T. Washington gave a speech that would be later named the Atlanta Compromise at the Cotton States and International Exposition in Atlanta on September 18, 1895 (Booker T. Washington Biography). Booker T. Washington was born in to slavery andRead MoreComparing and Contrasting the Ideolodies of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B Du Bois1053 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Edward Burghard Du Bois and Booker Taliaferro Washington were both civil rights leaders of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Du Bois was born as a freeman in Massachusetts, he studied at Harvard University and became the first African American to earn a doctorate from Harvard. . Washington was born as a slave in Virginia, he worked in the salt mines while attending school, and later attended the Hampton Institute to learn trade skills. Although Du bois and Washington had the same goal ofRead MoreWilliam Edward Burgardt : African American Leading Sociologist, Writer , And Activist Essay713 Words   |  3 Pageswell as, a chair for the Peace information Center (Staff, 2009). Du Bois and Washington has quite the rivalry over the racial uplift. Furthermore, Brooker T. Washington was another leader of the African- American leaders of the 19th and the 20th Century (Brooker T. Washington, 2015). He was the founder of Tuskegee University (Brooker T. Washington, 2015). Brooker put himself through school, and became a teacher (Brooker T. Washington, 2015).. However, the Tuskegee University he founded focused onRead MoreBooker T.Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois Essay1184 Words   |  5 Pageswritten by W.E.B. Du Bois he said, â€Å"The sincere and passionate belief that somewhere between men and cattle God created a tertium quid, and called it a negro† (Du Bois). In the late 19th and 20th centuries a strong push for economic and social progress for African-Americans was being made. The prominent leaders of this movement amongst the Black community were Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois, however they had very differing views on how to achieve this goal (PBS.org). Washington and Du Bois essentially

Nietzsche-Philosophizing with a Hammer Essay - 2032 Words

Running head: Nietzsche Header: Philosophy Name: University: Course: Tutor: Date: Nietzsche Philosophizing with a Hammer. In philosophizing with a hammer, Friedrich Nietzsche meant that the assortment of stories that constitute the dominant representations of life and our world. This philosophy is brought forth right in his last writing, Twilight of the idols which gives a clear indication of the polemic zing feeling of Nietzsche against Wagner, who composed the opera Twilight of the Gods (Nietzsche, 1996). This is why Nietzsche brings the†¦show more content†¦Literally, the hammer is also an instrument of destruction. Referring to the biblical teachings in the Old Testament: specifically in the book of Leviticus 26:30 and the book of Ezekiel 6:6, we a repeatedly told how the people succumbed to the temptation of idolatry, hence idols has to be thrown down and destroyed. Once treated like this, some of them will collapse through the simple cause of touch of the turning fork, the unmasking diagnosis. However, majority of them will be tough and will be overcome only by a strenuous fight (Nietzsch e, 1996). This is why Nietzsche calls his work a great declaration of war thus making his philosophy a war. Nietzsche fight to the idols is based on his age and according to him, they need to be fought and to be approached with violence because they are very strong and they rule with the power of obviousness. Therefore, Nietzsche has a belief in mind that those who begin to read his polemical philosophy will engage in a fight implying that the readers of his work will be the subject of his violent attacks. His claims are a preeminent way to be the type philosopher he gives in his description in beyond â€Å"Good and Evil† â€Å"a man tomorrow and the day after tomorrow, who has always found himself, and had to find himself, in a contradiction to his today: whose enemy was ever the ideal of today†. According to Nietzsche, the great wisdom of all spirits who have become too inward is war (Hollingdale,Show MoreRelatedExistentialism vs Essentialism23287 Words   |  94 Pageshuman condition. Many Others Other existential philosophers include  Simone de Beauvoir,  Martin Heidegger,  Karl Jaspers,  Gabriel Marcel  and  Franz Kafka. Existentialist philosophy was also influenced by many other works, including those of  Friedrich Nietzsche, G. W. F. Hegel, Fyodor Dostoevsky and  Edmund Husserl. 1. Sà ¸ren Kierkegaard  (1813–1855) was a Danish philosopher who contributed greatly to  existentialism. Kierkegaard seemed to believe in the idea of subjective truth—that is, the relationship

Growing Population of Sydney-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Write a Brief report on planning for Sydney's Growing Population. Answer: Introduction The control population growth has a major focus on the working of different policies and projects. It has been seen that with the decline of mortality, there are large attributes towards the rising standards of living where the emphasis is on the improvement of nutritional status. the report discusses about the issues and how Sydney has a major impact with the social, economic factors (Ruming, 2014). The schemes are related to focus on Helping hands approach that will help in maintaining the growth rate. Visual Summary of Key Aspect Define the key issues With the improvement in the technology, there is a major decline in the death rate where the people can rely on treatments and medicines that help them to live for long time. The better medical facilities have brought a major change to the industrial revolution. Here, the science is also able to bring the industrial revolution with the disturbance mainly through the means of producing food which allowed the families to feed more. The illness has also claimed that there are different people who are now working over curing the diseases. There are trying to overcome the poverty and work over the technological advancements and fertility treatment (Rothwell et al., 2015). The immigration and the effectiveness are through the availability in terms of medical education security and employment. What is the evidence / data that links to the issues? Some of the data evidence are shown below: The articles clearly describe about the change in the industrialisation, agriculture and the information technology which are not encouraging the family size through the government subsidies. There is a major ethical and the practical dilemma as well. Reference: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2010-03-25/33460 Reference: https://www.smh.com.au/nsw/population-growth-presents-jobs-and-housing-challenges-for-nsw-20150621-ghtldp.html What are the key terms The affordable housing where the prices have been very low, moderate and higher for different types of people. The building Sustainability Index for the energy and water efficiency in the houses to ensure the proper designing (Badland et al., 2017). The development assessment The global economic corridor. Summarise the need for the briefing note The population growth requires more infrastructure. In Australia, there has been a developer contribution which is for funding the new local infrastructure that is passed on to the new buyers in the higher house prices with reduced affordability standards. Along with this, the poor planning with high density developments in Sydney has worked on demand by constructing vertical slums of the micro-apartments of under 50 square meters with some of windowless bedrooms (Mok et al., 2014). The developments are based on weak planning control along with working over the effects on affordability and scalability. With the change in the environment, there is a major issue related to the Sydney housing market. The projections are for the developers to build terraces or the smaller developments mainly through establishing the suburbs on the city fringes. The forecasts are used by the government agencies to plan the city and the needs of state infrastructure. Provide policies or approaches Here, the government under the Australian system should focus on directing and managing the growth at the State and the Local government level over the land use and the service. The proper planning, regulating and controlling will help in bringing a physical change and planning the requirements which respond to the demands (Easthope et al., 2014). The infrastructure and services are set with inadequate and over restrictive plans they are set for the extensive powers to support and facilitate the growth. Here, the direct skills and the facilitations of resources is to manage the growth which could bring a change in planning and regulatory process. The influence is about the state and local governments, where Federal Government has the ability to affect the outcomes. The policies like COAG Commonwealth-State Agreements, works on the performance standards of state and local government. The State and local authorities can make use of the extensive powers to support and facilitate the gro wth and the change. They have a major influence on the direct skills and resources to manage the growth. This will help in working over the regulatory processes and supply of housing and urban services (Fincher et al., 2014). What are the implications of your issue to other government Ministers and/or departments With increased populations, there are supporting cuts to education spending and increase to pensions and fighting crime. The highlight is to implement the economic reforms to address the sustainability of pension system with the public support. The supply of the affordable housing is set within the subset of sustainable communities where the supply side factors, demand side and government interventions are important for planning, and regulatory mechanisms. It is important to focus on demand and supply that is an interactive loop for managing the demand side response with response to the housing supply. The rising prices pressure in the housing market can be eased through the new housing stock, where the factors are set beyond the producers control and with higher level of production (Newton et al., 2014). There are new single dwellings in the community and the medium density for the older and the disabled person for short supply in Sydney Region. The government in relation to develop ment is also for the production of housing, and urban facilities. What are the likely financial implications The impact on the financial changes with the investment and the capital affect the long run economic growth. Here, there is a considerable disagreement over the different kinds of capital investments with enhancement of economic growth. The suggestion is about the population aging with the lower domestic savings which induce a higher level of real interest rates. The future investments with the would Treasure has a major effect on the demands from the domestic economy where the growth also has a major effect on the consumption patterns. The enhancement in the long run, with the labour supply and productivity has a major impact as well. It includes the growth rate and working over the reduced GDP standards with commensuration the impacts on living standards (Mees et al., 2014). With the confident planning, there is a massive population growth which includes the essence of response for IPART. It has been seen that there is a need to properly handle the assessment which demonstrates about the increased capacity to meet the final benchmarks through increased dwelling and population numbers. It will also provide a local employment opportunity where the strategy is based on preparing the public exhibition. The predicted growth is in the housing and employment which tends to attract the additional funding and infrastructure provisions. The growth is identified with the different number of growing centres that are under construction. The potential growth of revenue is also related to the development opportunities where the labour productivity has been comparatively productive. The effect is on the rising of old age dependency, productivity growth which needs to accelerate. The creation of the high skilled workforce through education can help in improving the standards. Here, the focus is on the cost of education which includes the cost of capital associated with either the debt or the equity financed fee payments. Recommendation A general awareness is important for the people to make them realize about the issues that are increasing with time. Along with this, the medical facilities and other legislative actions, are for providing the incentives that have been set with effective policy measures in combating the development issues relating to the effectiveness. One needs to focus on spreading awareness, women empowerment to work on empowering and fight against the discrimination which will ensure the health and the aware society. The eradication of poverty will help in removing the issues along with improving the standards of education. Through this, the awareness campaigns and the other measures could be taken to control population. Conclusion Sydney has a major issue about the growing population. Hence, for this, they need to understand the plight with development of the increasing population (Williamson et al., 2013). In future, there is assurance of the high discrimination, illiteracy and poverty in the society which will ruin the daily living standards. It is important to analyse that some things when done at appropriate time results in an easy and better development. References Badland, H., Mavoa, S., Boulang, C., Eagleson, S., Gunn, L., Stewart, J., David, S. and Giles-Corti, B., 2017. Identifying, creating, and testing urban planning measures for transport walking: Findings from the Australian national liveability study.Journal of Transport Health,5, pp.151-162. Easthope, H., Warnken, J., Sherry, C., Coiacetto, E., Dredge, D., Guilding, C., Johnston, N., Lamminmaki, D. and Reid, S., 2014. How property title impacts urban consolidation: A life cycle examination of multi-title developments.Urban Policy and Research,32(3), pp.289-304. Fincher, R., Iveson, K., Leitner, H. and Preston, V., 2014. Planning in the multicultural city: Celebrating diversity or reinforcing difference?.Progress in Planning,92, pp.1-55. Mees, P. and Groenhart, L., 2014. Travel to work in Australian cities: 19762011.Australian Planner,51(1), pp.66-75. Mok, H.F., Williamson, V.G., Grove, J.R., Burry, K., Barker, S.F. and Hamilton, A.J., 2014. Strawberry fields forever? Urban agriculture in developed countries: a review.Agronomy for sustainable development,34(1), pp.21-43. Newton, P. and Glackin, S., 2014. Understanding infill: towards new policy and practice for urban regeneration in the established suburbs of Australia's cities.Urban policy and research,32(2), pp.121-143. Rothwell, A., Ridoutt, B., Page, G. and Bellotti, W., 2015. Feeding and housing the urban population: Environmental impacts at the peri-urban interface under different land-use scenarios.Land Use Policy,48, pp.377-388. Ruming, K.J., 2014. Urban consolidation, strategic planning and community opposition in Sydney, Australia: Unpacking policy knowledge and public perceptions.Land Use Policy,39, pp.254-265. Williamson, W. and Parolin, B., 2013. Web 2.0 and social media growth in planning practice: A longitudinal study.Planning Practice and Research,28(5), pp.544-562.

Street Racing Essay Example

Street Racing Paper Street racing is a type of automotive racing that takes place on public roads. According to Wikipedia (2006) â€Å"the street racers conduct their activities either during normal traffic or during empty hours of traffic. This is often happening within the industrial areas of cities. This form of racing is illegal such that driving is prohibited by many traffic regulations.†The law prohibits these races (McClurgs, 2001), chase and pursue the violators. â€Å"But because of the frequency of the illegal street racing, most of the time, the racers either are not caught or they get away (Wikipedia, 2006).† â€Å"Speeds in an illegal street race can reach over 200 miles per hour. Car crashes can and do occur (Lopez, 2001).†The most common form of street racing in the US is a drag race of modified stock cars. According to Wikipedia (2006), â€Å"this is usually held late at night on straight public roads with very low traffic that are often illegally closed by the race organizers.†Wikipedia (2006) further explained that â€Å"professional drag racers who race on sanctioned drag strips often object to the use of the term drag race to describe an event of this type. The motivations behind illegal street races are many.† â€Å"For instance, lack of a nearby drag strip, the temptation of illegality street racing which could be interrupted by a police squad any time, or just the similarity to a day to day situations at a traffic light are some of the motivations (McClurgs, 2001).†Street racing is also a growing business. These street racers are consumers of a billion dollar aftermarket tuning industry. They are also the big market in the automotive industry.   Street races can also occur on expressways and highways, like in Japan. The most notorious group to be associated with it was the MidNight Club who gave street racing a worldwide attention with its 198 mph (300 km/h) antics. The group was known for its high standards and or ganization. But in 1999, they were disbanded following a fatal accident involving a competing group of motorcyclists. Presently, with heavier punishments, patrolling police cars and speed cameras, expressway racing in Japan is not as common as it was during the 80s and 90s. However, street racing still occurs in Japan on a regular basis (McClurgs, 2001).The blackracers, is a legal street races that occurs in some places This is not the same as road racing. It is strictly an amateur sport with road legal vehicles. Usually the races are done on a closed road and run on time and not against another vehicle (Wikipedia, 2006). The most famous blackracer is the annual Silver State Classic. In Japan, racers slide around the corners of remote winding mountain passes (Wikipedia, 2006). This sports is called Touge. Touge is the origin of drifting (Lopez, 2001).Street races occur all over the United States. It is almost inevitable that street races will occur anywhere there are public roads. U nsanctioned racing with unknown participants on an unknown course for an unknown duration is the most common type of road racing sport. A contest may last seconds or many hours. The informal events have the common characteristic that the car in front at the finish wins, the leading car chooses the course, and the finish is when the stalking car quits.Some states have more active racing scenes than others. For instance, there is a strong racing culture in Southern California, which centers quite heavily around imports, as well as such American muscle cars as the Ford Mustang, Dodge Charger, and Chevrolet Camaro. There are also very active street racing cultures in New York, Florida, New Jersey, Nevada and Texas. In some cases, the popularity has led to tough anti-street racing laws which give more strict punishments than normal traffic citations and also often dedicated anti-racing task forces.In the year 2005, a law in Tennessee that was passed prohibited cars to have Nitrous Oxide hooked up or even present inside a car, among other performance enhancers. Penalties include impoundment, taking of driver’s license for a period of time or permanently, This came about after a fatal crash in Johnson City, Tennessee (Yates, 2004).The programs like RaceLegal.com, DragNet and others are borne because there is a problem. These programs are also created by people that care about not only the innocent victims who street racers run into, and kill, maim, or burn to death. Most of these programs are run by, and created by the law enforcement.Law enforcers are not out to harass street racers. It may be probable that a number of law enforcement officers would rather let the street racers do their own thing if these street racers would simply do it safely, and not endanger the general public.A number of these street racers have little or no regard for life. Some even have no driving experience. These racers see all the hype of street racing on television but some of the m do not have a clue that, they, do not even come close, to having the experience and expertise it takes to become a true racer. The true racer uses a legal track not the streets. I am in favor of a mandatory five years sentence for the street racers violators along with the same amount of time with a suspended license. The second offence should be a total life time ban of their driving privileges. Driving is a privilege, not a right, so as citizens we have the right to expect a safe commute to and from our destinations without having these street racers interrupting it or killing people (Smith, 1996).The law breakers are not being slap on the wrists and put them in community service but they are given a five year sentence for speeding in town. I do not think that that is harsh. It is true that there are more deaths by Drunk Driving than Street Racing. But at the rate this going it wont be long before Street Racing catches up. Some people think that only the people Street Racing get hurt or killed. It is not true. There have been many innocent lives lost to Street Racing.Street racing has been around since the first car rolled off the assembly line. Nowadays, the cars are faster and the drivers are younger. Places like Qualcomm and Carlsbad are helping to decrease street racing, but since they are not open at later hours, they cant do it all. Street racing will never cease. It is American as apple pie. By opening more places to race and/or keeping current tracks open later, the street racing will decrease more. Instead of persecuting everyone that has a fast looking car, people should try to come up with ways to help (Ryan, 1998).Street racing done on city streets is illegal. You can be hurt or killed or even hurt or kill someone else. These are not merely speculations that some might say could happen. They have happened and continue to happen everyday due to those people who think that it is cool or fun to race cars on the streets. Nationwide statistics have shown that almost fifty people in every one thousand who are participating in  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   street racing, are killed. That is a lot of young people that would be alive today if not for illegal street racing (Smith, 1996).If you are caught street racing, there are stiff penalties. Your can be arrested and spend as much as three months in jail, and your car be impounded for up to thirty days. You will also be charged with a fine of up to $1,000 while your driver’s license is revoked and your insurance can be cancelled. Onlookers are also fined and their cars impounded as well.Street racing is a big problem. Places to legally race should be a priority. Even if there are only a few places, at least there are choices on the places that the street racing should take place. The driving time is truly worth your life, and the life of anyone who might be hit while racing on a public street.For as long as these young people are merely trying to have fun it will be a good hobby. I t will be a good thing if one of these street racers could be the next Jimmie Johnson. It will be a good project if a racetrack will be built for all these young people to go race until their hearts content. It would keep street racing off the road and the anti-fun crowd would maybe stop their whining. Likewise, it would give the potential future Nascar stars a place to race and have fun.But at this period, the bottom line is that street racing, while it might seem like fun, it is illegal. Stubbornly continuing these illegal street racing may completely change your life in the short time that it takes to start up that car and take off. There are many proofs of these. Just turn on the television, listen to the radio, read newspapers, magazines, books, etc., there are enormous instances that will remind us how dangerous and destructive street racing is. You can even ask those who now speak out about the dangers of street racing from their hospital beds or their prison cells (Yates, 20 04).However, it is interesting to note that street racers do have options. They can race legally on the race tracks that provide them with a certain amount of safety and peace of mind. Think about these professional racers that are seen on television. These are the people that most of those involved in illegal street racing are trying to mimic. Yet, they have never seen these folks racing on a city street. Their racing takes place on a track and so should the others.Racings prevailing attitude in this country toward safety begins with the waiver. Everyone signs a waiver before they get a racing license or go through the back gate at any track in the United States of America. It is possible that no one ever reads it. However, they all know what the waiver says – that racing is dangerous. One can meet death doing street racing. When someone gets hurt, racers shuffle their feet, shrug their shoulders, and mentally review the waiver they have never read.Therefore, it is really a must that when you enter any activity, precaution should be taken into consideration. Study the waiver. Study the advantages and the disadvantages of any endeavor that you will enter into. Also, put in place all the necessary safety gadgets and documents.But better than all these, when an activity is considered illegal, better refrain from indulging in it. This is very important to preserve the life of the others who might be accidentally hurt because of street racing, but also, in preserving the racers’ own life. Street Racing Essay Example Street Racing Paper Street racing is a type of automotive racing that takes place on public roads. According to Wikipedia (2006) â€Å"the street racers conduct their activities either during normal traffic or during empty hours of traffic. This is often happening within the industrial areas of cities. This form of racing is illegal such that driving is prohibited by many traffic regulations.†The law prohibits these races (McClurgs, 2001), chase and pursue the violators. â€Å"But because of the frequency of the illegal street racing, most of the time, the racers either are not caught or they get away (Wikipedia, 2006).† â€Å"Speeds in an illegal street race can reach over 200 miles per hour. Car crashes can and do occur (Lopez, 2001).†The most common form of street racing in the US is a drag race of modified stock cars. According to Wikipedia (2006), â€Å"this is usually held late at night on straight public roads with very low traffic that are often illegally closed by the race organizers.†Wikipedia (2006) further explained that â€Å"professional drag racers who race on sanctioned drag strips often object to the use of the term drag race to describe an event of this type. The motivations behind illegal street races are many.† â€Å"For instance, lack of a nearby drag strip, the temptation of illegality street racing which could be interrupted by a police squad any time, or just the similarity to a day to day situations at a traffic light are some of the motivations (McClurgs, 2001).†Street racing is also a growing business. These street racers are consumers of a billion dollar aftermarket tuning industry. They are also the big market in the automotive industry.   Street races can also occur on expressways and highways, like in Japan. The most notorious group to be associated with it was the MidNight Club who gave street racing a worldwide attention with its 198 mph (300 km/h) antics. The group was known for its high standards and or ganization. But in 1999, they were disbanded following a fatal accident involving a competing group of motorcyclists. Presently, with heavier punishments, patrolling police cars and speed cameras, expressway racing in Japan is not as common as it was during the 80s and 90s. However, street racing still occurs in Japan on a regular basis (McClurgs, 2001).The blackracers, is a legal street races that occurs in some places This is not the same as road racing. It is strictly an amateur sport with road legal vehicles. Usually the races are done on a closed road and run on time and not against another vehicle (Wikipedia, 2006). The most famous blackracer is the annual Silver State Classic. In Japan, racers slide around the corners of remote winding mountain passes (Wikipedia, 2006). This sports is called Touge. Touge is the origin of drifting (Lopez, 2001).Street races occur all over the United States. It is almost inevitable that street races will occur anywhere there are public roads. U nsanctioned racing with unknown participants on an unknown course for an unknown duration is the most common type of road racing sport. A contest may last seconds or many hours. The informal events have the common characteristic that the car in front at the finish wins, the leading car chooses the course, and the finish is when the stalking car quits.Some states have more active racing scenes than others. For instance, there is a strong racing culture in Southern California, which centers quite heavily around imports, as well as such American muscle cars as the Ford Mustang, Dodge Charger, and Chevrolet Camaro. There are also very active street racing cultures in New York, Florida, New Jersey, Nevada and Texas. In some cases, the popularity has led to tough anti-street racing laws which give more strict punishments than normal traffic citations and also often dedicated anti-racing task forces.In the year 2005, a law in Tennessee that was passed prohibited cars to have Nitrous Oxide hooked up or even present inside a car, among other performance enhancers. Penalties include impoundment, taking of driver’s license for a period of time or permanently, This came about after a fatal crash in Johnson City, Tennessee (Yates, 2004).The programs like RaceLegal.com, DragNet and others are borne because there is a problem. These programs are also created by people that care about not only the innocent victims who street racers run into, and kill, maim, or burn to death. Most of these programs are run by, and created by the law enforcement.Law enforcers are not out to harass street racers. It may be probable that a number of law enforcement officers would rather let the street racers do their own thing if these street racers would simply do it safely, and not endanger the general public.A number of these street racers have little or no regard for life. Some even have no driving experience. These racers see all the hype of street racing on television but some of the m do not have a clue that, they, do not even come close, to having the experience and expertise it takes to become a true racer. The true racer uses a legal track not the streets. I am in favor of a mandatory five years sentence for the street racers violators along with the same amount of time with a suspended license. The second offence should be a total life time ban of their driving privileges. Driving is a privilege, not a right, so as citizens we have the right to expect a safe commute to and from our destinations without having these street racers interrupting it or killing people (Smith, 1996).The law breakers are not being slap on the wrists and put them in community service but they are given a five year sentence for speeding in town. I do not think that that is harsh. It is true that there are more deaths by Drunk Driving than Street Racing. But at the rate this going it wont be long before Street Racing catches up. Some people think that only the people Street Racing get hurt or killed. It is not true. There have been many innocent lives lost to Street Racing.Street racing has been around since the first car rolled off the assembly line. Nowadays, the cars are faster and the drivers are younger. Places like Qualcomm and Carlsbad are helping to decrease street racing, but since they are not open at later hours, they cant do it all. Street racing will never cease. It is American as apple pie. By opening more places to race and/or keeping current tracks open later, the street racing will decrease more. Instead of persecuting everyone that has a fast looking car, people should try to come up with ways to help (Ryan, 1998).Street racing done on city streets is illegal. You can be hurt or killed or even hurt or kill someone else. These are not merely speculations that some might say could happen. They have happened and continue to happen everyday due to those people who think that it is cool or fun to race cars on the streets. Nationwide statistics have shown that almost fifty people in every one thousand who are participating in  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   street racing, are killed. That is a lot of young people that would be alive today if not for illegal street racing (Smith, 1996).If you are caught street racing, there are stiff penalties. Your can be arrested and spend as much as three months in jail, and your car be impounded for up to thirty days. You will also be charged with a fine of up to $1,000 while your driver’s license is revoked and your insurance can be cancelled. Onlookers are also fined and their cars impounded as well.Street racing is a big problem. Places to legally race should be a priority. Even if there are only a few places, at least there are choices on the places that the street racing should take place. The driving time is truly worth your life, and the life of anyone who might be hit while racing on a public street.For as long as these young people are merely trying to have fun it will be a good hobby. I t will be a good thing if one of these street racers could be the next Jimmie Johnson. It will be a good project if a racetrack will be built for all these young people to go race until their hearts content. It would keep street racing off the road and the anti-fun crowd would maybe stop their whining. Likewise, it would give the potential future Nascar stars a place to race and have fun.But at this period, the bottom line is that street racing, while it might seem like fun, it is illegal. Stubbornly continuing these illegal street racing may completely change your life in the short time that it takes to start up that car and take off. There are many proofs of these. Just turn on the television, listen to the radio, read newspapers, magazines, books, etc., there are enormous instances that will remind us how dangerous and destructive street racing is. You can even ask those who now speak out about the dangers of street racing from their hospital beds or their prison cells (Yates, 20 04).However, it is interesting to note that street racers do have options. They can race legally on the race tracks that provide them with a certain amount of safety and peace of mind. Think about these professional racers that are seen on television. These are the people that most of those involved in illegal street racing are trying to mimic. Yet, they have never seen these folks racing on a city street. Their racing takes place on a track and so should the others.Racings prevailing attitude in this country toward safety begins with the waiver. Everyone signs a waiver before they get a racing license or go through the back gate at any track in the United States of America. It is possible that no one ever reads it. However, they all know what the waiver says – that racing is dangerous. One can meet death doing street racing. When someone gets hurt, racers shuffle their feet, shrug their shoulders, and mentally review the waiver they have never read.Therefore, it is really a must that when you enter any activity, precaution should be taken into consideration. Study the waiver. Study the advantages and the disadvantages of any endeavor that you will enter into. Also, put in place all the necessary safety gadgets and documents.But better than all these, when an activity is considered illegal, better refrain from indulging in it. This is very important to preserve the life of the others who might be accidentally hurt because of street racing, but also, in preserving the racers’ own life.

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Essays (849 words) - RTT, Fertility

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome How does alcohol affect the unborn baby? What kinds of effects may result in the child and it will it affect it for the rest of his or her life? Whenever you take a drink, the alcohol readily crosses the placenta and enters the babies bloodstream. However the babies tiny developing system is not equipped to handle alcohol and is effected much more severely than is the mother. Every time you take a drink the unborn baby takes a drink as well. Nobody really knows how much alcohol it takes to harm an unborn baby. As the consumption increases so do the risks. Another report suggests that not only can alcohol cause birth defects it can also create leukemia. This new study included six hundred eleven children younger than eighteen months old, two hundred fifty of who had leukemia. (http://babyzone.com/drugs.htm) Alcohol and pregnancy do not mix. Almost any level of consumption of alcohol can affect the baby during pregnancy. Many sorts of consequences vary from fetal alcohol syndrome to malfunctions in mental or physical development. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is patterns in of malfunctions and disabilities resulting from the pregnant mother drinking. Heavy drinking on a consistent basis or binge drinking on an occasional basis can cause F.A.S.. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is currently the leading cause of mental retardation in the United States. The effects of F.A.S. are not always so drastic. Children are born with less dramatic physical defects. Often though, many individuals with this may look quite normal but may have significant deficits. Such deficits as intellectual, behavioral, and social behaviors. All of these problems may and will prevent the children being born with F.A.S. or alcohol related birth defects from having normal lives. http://members.aol.com/creaconic/fas.html) Drinking early in the pregnancy even before the woman knows she is pregnant increases the chance of having a baby with growth deficiency or birth defects. Forty four percent of woman who drink heavily during pregnancy will have a child with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. Of the other fifty six percent, some will have effects such as minor learning and behavioral difficulties. (http://www.noah.cunyedu/pregnancy/marchofdimes/substance/alc&preg.html) A mothers nutritional status and physical well being may also play roles whether or not the baby can be affected, and to what degree. Also important the less exposure to the fetus the better off it will be. When it is exposed over time daily or on an hourly basis is of vital importance. Many other factors may easily affect the unborn baby. Birth defects can easily range from being a small defect or a serious problem which will always affect the babies life. One example of this is the amount of alcohol the pregnant woman can consume. The time also plays a huge role on affecting the babies status. Obviously, the earlier the mother drinks in the pregnancy the faster and easier you can damage the fetus. Either way drinking at any time during the pregnancy can affect the baby it's just a matter of how much. Drinking the day you become pregnant or the day before the delivery depending on the amount of alcohol that was consumed can badly affect the unborn baby. Another thing that birth defects are dependent on are individual factors of the mother and the unborn child. The mothers body may also be weak with the alcohol letting it affect the baby a lot faster. Plus, the baby may be very weak itself either from alcohol or other factors like smoking . Thus causing the baby to become weak or developing F.A.S.. Other genetic factors or nutritional factors also play a big role on how the baby is going to be. These individual factors are very critical because doctors cannot tell a pregnant woman how much would be safe drink. The only way to prevent F.A.S. and F.A.E. is for a pregnant woman to abstain from the use of alcoholic beverages during her entire pregnancy. (http://www.heathtouch.com/level1/leaflets/csap/csap035.htm) Having a baby born with F.A.S. or a problem because of the alcohol can lead to many physical, cognitive and social deficits associated with F.A.S.. Another very important problem is pre-mature birth . Also miscarriages is also a possibility which must not be fun for the mother or the family. The pre-mature baby will most definitely have problems that can persist throughout adulthood. Some of these problems are stunted and slowed growth. The baby may also have lower set facial features. The child may also have a failure to thrive. It may not want to eat and may not grow well. The baby

The Jury Trial Stage of a Criminal Case

The Jury Trial Stage of a Criminal Case A criminal trial is scheduled if a defendant continues to plead not guilty after the preliminary hearing and plea bargain negotiations have ended. If pre-trial motions have failed to get evidence thrown out or the charges dismissed, and all efforts at plea bargaining have failed, the case proceeds to trial. At the trial, a panel of jurors determines if the defendant is guilty beyond a reasonable doubt or not guilty. The vast majority of criminal cases never get to the trial stage. Most are resolved prior to trial in the pre-trial motion stage or the plea bargain stage. There are several distinct phases of a criminal trial proceeding: Jury Selection In order to choose a jury, typically 12 jurors and at least two alternates, a panel of dozens of potential jurors are summoned to the court. Usually, they will fill out a questionnaire prepared in advance that contains questions submitted by both the prosecution and the defense. Jurors are asked if serving on the jury would present a hardship on them and they are usually asked about their attitudes and experiences that might lead them to be biased in the case before them. Some jurors are typically excused after filling out the written questionnaire. Questioning Potential Jurors Both the prosecution and the defense are then allowed to question the potential jurors in open court about their potential biases and their background. Each side can excuse any juror for cause, and each side is given a number of peremptory challenges which can be used to excuse a juror without giving a reason. Obviously, both the prosecution and the defense want to choose jurors who they think are more likely to agree with their side of the argument. Many a trial has been won during the jury selection process. Opening Statements After a jury is selected, its members get their first view of the case during the opening statements by the prosecution and the defense attorneys. Defendants in the United States are presumed innocent until proven guilty, so the burden is on the prosecution to prove its case to the jury. Consequently, the prosecutions opening statement is first and goes into great detail outlining the evidence against the defendant. The prosecution gives the jury a preview of how it plans to prove what the defendant did, how he did it and sometimes what his motive was. Alternate Explanation The defense does not have to make an opening statement at all   or even call witnesses to testify because the burden of proof is on the prosecutors. Sometimes the defense will wait until after the entire prosecutions case is presented before making an opening statement. If the defense does make an opening statement, it is usually designed to poke holes in the prosecutions theory of the case and offer the jury an alternate explanation for the facts or evidence presented by the prosecution. Testimony and Evidence The main phase of any criminal trial is the case-in-chef in which both sides can present witness testimony and evidence to the jury for its consideration. Witnesses are used in order to lay  a foundation for the admitting of evidence. For example, the prosecution cannot just offer a handgun into evidence until it establishes through witness testimony why the gun is relevant to the case and how it is linked to the defendant. If a police officer first testifies that the gun was found on the defendant when he was arrested, then the gun can be admitted into evidence. Cross-Examination of Witnesses After a witness testifies under direct examination, the opposing side has the opportunity to cross-examine the same witness in an effort to discredit their testimony or challenge their credibility or otherwise shake their story. In most jurisdictions, after the cross-examination, the side who originally called the witness can ask a question on re-direct examination in an effort to rehabilitate any damage that might have been done on cross-examination. Closing Arguments Many times, after the prosecution rests its case, the defense will make a motion to dismiss the case because the evidence presented did not prove the defendant guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. Rarely does the judge grant this motion, but it does happen. It is often the case that the defense does not present witnesses or testimony of its own  because they feel they were successful in attacking the prosecutions witnesses and evidence during cross-examination. After both sides rest their case, each side is allowed to make a closing argument to the jury. The prosecution attempts to strengthen the evidence they presented to the jury, while the defense attempts to convince the jury that the evidence falls short and leaves room for reasonable doubt. Jury Instructions An important part of any criminal trial is the instructions that the judge gives to the jury before they begin deliberations. In those instructions, in which the prosecution and the defense have offered their input to the judge, the judge outlines the ground rules the jury must utilize during its deliberations. The judge will explain what legal principles are involved with the case, describe important concepts of law such as reasonable doubt, and outline to the jury what findings they must make in order to come to their conclusions. The jury is supposed to abide by the judges instructions throughout their deliberation process. Jury Deliberations Once the jury retires to the jury room, the first order of business is usually to elect a foreman from its members to facilitate the deliberations. Sometimes, the foreman will take a quick poll of the jury to find out how close they are to agreement, and get an idea of what issues need to be discussed. If the initial vote of the jury is unanimous or very one-sided for or against guilt, jury deliberations can be very brief, and the foreman reports to the judge that a verdict has been reached. A Unanimous Decision If the jury is not initially unanimous, discussions between jurors continue in an effort to reach a unanimous vote. These deliberations can take days or even weeks to complete if the jury is widely split or has one holdout juror voting against the other 11. If the jury cannot come to a unanimous decision and is hopeless split, the jury foreman reports to the judge that the jury is deadlocked, also known as a hung jury. The judge declares a mistrial and the prosecution has to decide whether to retry the defendant at another time, offer the defendant a better plea deal or drop the charges altogether. Additional Stages: Stages of a Criminal Case

Place Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Place - Research Paper Example In the book, Tropic of Chaos, the author, Christian Parenti talks about the core issues and critical problems associated with the harsh environment of East Africa, ‎US borders and mountain region located in Afghanistan, as well as the political turmoil with reference to Rio De Janeiro slums. The book presents quite a compelling description of the bloody war and political turmoil faced by the regions under discussion. This historical analytical account provides insight on episodes of terror and transformation through ‎fact-based knowledge in support of the new worlds where there could be melting glaciers meet beautiful rivers and ‎abundance of refreshing green grass. The author portrays a realistic for the readers that are ‎basically outside of the privileged US class. Parenti’s hardnosed journalism describes the issues ‎related to climate change from a personal perspective and divulges the discussion of the issues that were not explored so deeply by any other writer in such a detailed and analytical manner (Parenti 154). Globalization has impacted both positively and negatively on society and corporations, in which the negative impacts have hindered realization of human dignity and moral values (Nwaogaidu 9). A person’s confirmation of human dignity is influenced by the realization of moral development and its negative causes, and this is what drives an individual to seek achievement a world where an individual’s dignity is entirely valued. The poor in Nigeria thought that because of belonging to a certain ethnic group, a particular neighborhood, or a particular background of education, they were weak to stand up against their poverty. Subsequently, it was a question of whether the poverty was due to overpopulation or vice versa, or individuals became poor because of bearing too many children, or they had created large numbers of responsibilities on their own that they could not